White noise Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Repetitive sound Essay It is an all inclusive and woeful reality that each living thing must kick the bucket in the end. What places us, people, aside from any creature, creepy crawly or living thing on this planet is our consciousness of our inescapable end. Demise is something frightful; nobody knows when it could occur or how to deal with it. At the point when it comes it removes ones life right away. The riddle encompassing demise prompts dread of the obscure. It is for all intents and purposes unthinkable for men to perceive what really occurs past their grave. Nobody knows reality of death until he/she really bites the dust. This dread is something we people have and other living things dont. The acknowledgment of death fixes us a level above them all, however can likewise be thought of in another point of view that we are a level lower. Inexhaustible measures of wayfarers risked their life looking for the alleged wellspring of life. The explanation of this can be clarified by the dread of death. As death is such a strange and loathsome issue, in Don Delillos White Noise, he concurs that at some level everybody fears demise (p. 197) and this incredible dread can without much of a stretch impact a people conduct and activities. The delineation of how a man can fear passing can be found in the hero of the novel, Jack Gladney. In the discussion among Murray and Jack in their long walk around the school, DeLillo proposes his perspectives on the issue of death. Do you think your demise is untimely? Murray says. Each passing is untimely Jack answers (pg.283). Here, DeLillo is attempting to clarify that man is anxious about the possibility that that passing will show up too early. Jack feels that demise at any age is untimely and he contends that everyone alive has faith in a similar idea. This portion demonstrates this. Is it true that you are insane? Obviously. That is an elitist thought. OK ask a man who sacks staple goods on the off chance that he fears passing not on the grounds that it is demise but since there are still some intriguing food supplies he might want to pack? (pg.284). He is consistently uneasy about death. He nearly wishes that demise doesn't exist at all since he accepts passing is the thing that makes life inadequate (pg. 284). Jack fathoms that a dominant part of man will never decide to leave Earth since they are reluctant or hesitant to leave behind the undertakings of the world and his own environmental factors. The most profound lament is demise. The main thing to confront is demise. This is all I consider. Theres just one issue here. I need to live. (Pg.283). Moreover, its terrible enough to fear the obscure. Confronted with the obscure, we can imagine it isnt there. Accurate dates would drive numerous to self destruction, if just to beat the framework, Jack says (pg.285). Jack disdains knowing when he will bite the dust or on the off chance that he will ever bite the dust. Jacks madness on death is relatively more prominent to ordin ary individuals just on the grounds that he definitely realizes he is determined to have a serious disease. In this way, clearly realizing the date will demolish his life from when he finds the specific of his passing since it would be a distraught commencement till his demise. How might anybody live typically if your primary care physician discloses to you that you won't live past this week? By using Jacks circumstance, DeLillo outlines to us, the perusers, that the persistent contemplating of such a negative issue like passing will just add to a critical perspective on life. As Murray clarifies Its solitary your dread that makes you act along these lines (Pg.287). The mix of the two Murrays guarantee, to execute an individual in head-to-head showdown. On the off chance that he bites the dust, you can't. To murder him is to pick up life-credit. The more individuals you murder, the more credit you store up. (Pg.290) and his staggering trepidation of his passing lead to Jacks activit ies in part 39 when he endeavored murder on Willie Mink. Additionally, Murray questions, Are you an executioner or a dier, Jack? (pg.292). Jack concedes that he is a dier. By the by, Jack trusts that he can resemble Hitler and his works (pg.287). Jack wishes that he could utilize Hitler to become stronger in himself and maybe become an executioner with the goal that he can get away from death. Albeit a potential explanation behind this death can be started from his wrath from this keeps an eye on underground relationship with his significant other, the primary concern DeLillo is attempting to decipher is Jacks frantic endeavor in sparing his own passing from occurring by causing anothers. .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6 , .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6 .postImageUrl , .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6 , .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6:hover , .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6:visited , .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6:active { border:0!important; } .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6:active , .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6:hover { obscurity: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relativ e; } .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content beautification: underline; } .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enhancement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u9b 82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u9b82814fcc8de829bea3ec1fb935b6f6:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: A Vindication Of The Rights Of Women Essay We will compose a custom article on White clamor Persuasive explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Babette, spouse of Jack, is likewise a prime case of an individual in life that experiences her incessant dread of death. Both Jack and Babette dread demise definitely however their refusal of this is truly obvious in part 20 when they had a significant conversation in their bed. Them two had educated the other that in the event that it is their decision that they need to kick the bucket first as though they are not terrified of death at all.Babette says she needs beyond words since she would feel terribly desolate and pitiful without Jack, particularly if the youngsters were developed and living somewhere else (pg.100). Jack likewise discloses to her pretty much something very similar and they would contend whose demise leaves a greater gap in the others life. By saying this, them two need trust that they will in any event appear to have no dread of death and hence can attempt to put stock in it and stay away from the dread. Lamentably, this has not worked by any means. Them two hav e never felt less terrified from death in any event, when they imagine they didnt. Babette says, I would like to bite the dust first, yet that doesnt mean Im not apprehensive. Im horrendously apprehensive. Im apprehensive constantly (pg.198). Her dread of death is additionally shown whenever Babette by chance finds an article about dread of death and she chooses to go to the firm and examination on the tests. Her dread has such an incredible effect, that she is happy to attempt a medication, called Dylar, which has not been tried on people previously. In any event, when the firm assembling the medication finds the medication excessively hazardous, she despite everything goes on with Mr. Dark, later known is Willie Mink, and undermines Jack so as to get her hands on any methods for staying away from her dread of death. DeLillo likewise depicts a significant number of different characters in the novel as individuals who fears passing extraordinarily, regardless of their age or foundation. In the parts close to the center of the novel, beginning from 21, DeLillo utilizes the situation of the toxication mishap to clarify his viewpoints of how individuals are nave about death. After the mishap, the individuals start to have reproductions of departure that are composed by the SIMUVAC. They imagine that the more they practice fiasco, the more secure theyll be from the genuine article (pg.205). Cleverly, the individual, who incorporates Jacks kids and his better half Babette, think the more they work on something, the more outlandish it is to really occur (pg.207). So they feel that in the event that they work on having fiascos more, the possibility of getting them will be limited. This point is honestly crazy in light of the fact that there is no confirmation that the more you work on something, the more outlandish it will happen. At the point when calamities come, they simply come paying little heed to the quantity of practices individuals have had. This again demonstrates how the dread of death may make individuals lose their good judgment and direct activities that are to excess. At last, DeLillo keenly explains his position on the dread of death by building the character of Orest Mercator. Orest is formed as the main character that isn't just ready to confront, yet in addition challenge demise, which is the finished in opposition to all others. Hes (Orest) preparing to break the world perseverance record for sitting in a pen brimming with noxious snakes, for the Guinness Book of Record(pg.182). Orest s wish to have his name in the Guinness book is broken in light of the fact that there are insufficient snakes to break the record

Scam free essay sample

The Ketan Parekh Scam The Crash that Shook the Nation The 176-point1 Sensex2 crash on March 1, 2001 came as a significant stun for the Government of India, the financial exchanges and the speculators the same. All the more along these lines, as the Union spending plan postponed per day sooner had been acclaimed for its development activities and had incited a 177-point increment in the Sensex. This unexpected accident in the financial exchanges incited the Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to dispatch prompt examinations concerning the unpredictability of securities exchanges. SEBI additionally chose to review the books of a few specialists who were associated with setting off the accident. In the mean time, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) requested a few banks to outfit information identified with their capital market presentation. This was after media reports showed up with respect to a private division bank3 having surpassed its prudential standards of capital introduction, in this manner adding to the financial exchange unpredictability. The frenzy run on the bourses proceeded and the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) President Anand Rathis (Rathi) acquiescence added to the ruin. Rathi needed to leave following claims that he had utilized some advantaged data, which added to the accident. The trick shook the financial specialists trust in the general working of the securities exchanges. Before the finish of March 2001, in any event eight individuals were accounted for to have ended it all and many financial specialists were headed to the verge of insolvency. 1 A difference in Re. 1 in the cost of an offer when one talks about an offer rising or falling by such a large number of focuses. In securities exchange files, be that as it may, a point is one unit of the composite weighted normal on showcase capitalization of rupee esteems. 2 A financial exchange record demonstrating weighted normal of 30 contents, otherwise called the BSE Sensitive Index. The every day shutting figure of this list comprehensively mirrors the exhibition of the capital markets. 3 It was affirmed that Global Trust Bank surpassed its Capital market introduction. The trick opened up the discussion over banks subsidizing capital market tasks and loaning assets against guarantee security. It additionally brought up issues about the legitimacy of double control of co-employable banks4. (Experts brought up that RBI was investigating the records once in two years, which made adequate degree for infringement of rules. ) The main capture in the trick was of the prominent bull5, Ketan Parekh (KP), on March 30, 2001, by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). Before long, reports proliferated with respect to how KP had without any help caused perhaps the greatest trick throughout the entire existence of Indian monetary markets. He was accused of duping Bank of India (BoI) of about $30 million among different charges. KPs capture was trailed by one more frenzy run on the bourses and the Sensex fell by 147. At this point, the trick had become the discussion of the country, with escalated media inclusion and exceptional open objection. The Man Who Triggered the Crash KP was a contracted bookkeeper by calling and used to deal with a privately-run company, NH Securities began by his dad. Known for keeping up a position of safety, KPs just questionable distinguishing strength was in 1992, when he was denounced in the stock trade scam6. He was known as the Bombay Bull and had associations with 4 Co-usable banks are under the double control of RBI and the Registrar of Co-employable Societies. The RBI directs banking capacities while the recorder takes care of the administrative and authoritative capacities. 5 A speculator who expects share costs to go up and consequently gets them. 6 When the loan costs were liberated in mid-1989, it made the cost of the two securities and cash increasingly unstable, and expanded the connection between the protections and currency markets. With cost unpredictability and expanded volumes, protections broking turned into a gainful action. The rising volumes were financed by banks through bank receipts (BR is an archive given by a bank recognizing that it has offered certain administration protections to a gathering and got installment). The trick became exposed when RBI requested that the SBI show the bank receipts, and it was discovered that Rs 6. 22 billion not been accommodated and was untraceable. The cash associated with the trick was in the end learned to be well over Rs 30 billion. ovie stars, lawmakers and in any event, driving worldwide business visionaries like Australian media mogul Kerry Packer, who collaborated KP in KPV Ventures, a $250 million funding store that put for the most part in new economy organizations. Throughout the years, KP constructed a system of organizations, fundamentally in Mumbai, engaged with financial exchange activities. The ascent of ICE (Information, Communications, and Entertainme nt) stocks everywhere throughout the world in mid 1999 prompted an ascent of the Indian securities exchanges too. The dotcom boom7 added to the Bull Run8 drove by an upward pattern in the NASDAQ9. The organizations where KP held stakes included Amitabh Bachchan Corporation Limited (ABCL), Mukta Arts, Tips and Pritish Nandy Communications. He likewise had stakes in HFCL, Global Telesystems (Global), Zee Telefilms, Crest Communications, and PentaMedia Graphics KP chose these organizations for venture with assistance from his exploration group, which recorded high development organizations with a little capital base. As indicated by media reports, KP exploited low liquidity in these stocks, which in the long run came to be known as the K-10 stocks. The offers were held through KPs organization, Triumph International. In July 1999, he held around 1. million offers in Global. KP controlled around 16% of Globals skimming stock, 25% of Aftek Infosys, and 15% each in Zee and HFCL. The light financial exchanges from January to July 1999 helped the K-10 stocks increment in esteem generously 7 The web based business unrest had prompted a huge upsurge in the estimation of innovation stock s over the globe, particularly Internet adventures. This came to be known as the dotcom blast. 8 A bull run is an upturn in the financial exchanges brought about by the ascent in the cost of offers, continued by purchasing weight of real speculators or updates on good monetary development, decontrol and political turns of events. The National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System (NASDAQ) is a US-based stock trade, which includes to a great extent of innovation stocks. Begun in 1971, NASDAQ is the main screen-based, floor less exchanging framework and the second biggest securities exchange in the US. (Allude Exhibit I for BSE Index developments). HFCL took off by 57% while Global expanded by 200%. Thus, merchants and reserve directors began putting vigorously in K-10 stocks. Common subsidizes like Alliance Capital, ICICI Prudential Fund and UTI additionally put resources into K-10 stocks, and saw their net resource esteem taking off. By January 2000, K-10 stocks routinely included in the main five exchanged stocks the trades (Refer Exhibit II at the cost developments of K-10 stocks). HFCLs exchanged volumes shot up from 80,000 to 1,047,000 offers. Globals all out exchanged worth the Sensex was Rs 51. 8 billion10. As such immense measures of cash were being siphoned into the business sectors, it got extreme for KP to control the developments of the scrips. Additionally, it was accounted for that the volumes outgrew him to deal with. Experts and controllers thought about how KP had figured out how to purchase such enormous stakes. The Factors that Helped the Man As indicated by advertise sources, however KP was a fruitful representative, he didn't have the cash to purchase huge stakes. As per a report11, 12 lakh portions of Global in July 1999 would have cost KP around Rs 200 million. The stake in Aftek Infosys would have cost him Rs 50 million, while the Zee and HFCL stakes would have cost Rs 250 million each. Investigators guaranteed that KP obtained from different organizations and banks for this reason. His financing techniques were genuinely basic. He purchased shares when they were exchanging at low costs and saw the costs go up in the positively trending market while ceaselessly exchanging. At the point when the cost was sufficiently high, he 10 11 In September 2002, Rs 48 equalled 1 US $. Businessworld, 16 April, 2001. vowed the offers with banks as guarantee for reserves. He likewise acquired from organizations like HFCL. This couldn't have been conceivable out without the contribution of banks. A little Ahmedabad-based bank, Madhavapura Mercantile Cooperative Bank (MMCB) was KPs principle partner in the trick. KP and his partners began tapping the MMCB for assets in mid 2000. In December 2000, when KP confronted liquidity issues in settlements he utilized MMCB in two unique manners. First was the compensation order12 course, wherein KP gave checks attracted on BoI to MMCB, against which MMCB gave pay orders. The compensation orders were limited at BoI. It was affirmed that MMCB gave assets to KP without appropriate guarantee security and even crossed its capital market introduction limits. According to a RBI assessment report, MMCBs advances to financial exchanges were around Rs 10 billion of which over Rs 8 billion were loaned to KP and his organizations. The subsequent course was getting from a MMCB branch at Mandvi (Mumbai), where various organizations claimed by KP and his partners had accounts. KP utilized around 16 such records, either legitimately or through other dealer firms, to acquire reserves. Aside from direct borrowings by KP-claimed money organizations, a couple of representatives were likewise accepted to have taken credits for his benefit. It was affirmed that Madhur Capital, an organization run by Vinit Parikh, the child of MMCB Chairman Ramesh Parikh, had followed up for the benefit of KP to get reserves. KP purportedly utilized his BoI records to limit 248 compensation orders worth about Rs 24 billion among January and March 2001. BoIs misfortunes in the long run added up to well above Rs 1. billion. 12 A bank gives a compensation request after obviously the clients account has adequate assets. The MMCB pay request issue hit a few open segment banks hard. These included large names, for example, the State Bank of India, Bank of India and the Punjab National Bank, every one of whom lost tremendous sums in the trick. It was additionally asserted that Global Tru st Bank (GTB) gave credits to KP and its introduction to the capital markets was over as far as possible. As per media reports, KP a

The Importance of Emotional Awareness in PTSD

The Importance of Emotional Awareness in PTSD PTSD Coping Print The Importance of Emotional Awareness in PTSD By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Updated on August 11, 2019 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Lauri Rotko / Getty Images Emotional awareness is essentially being able to identify the emotions youre experiencing at any given time. To manage your emotions effectively, particularly with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), you first need to be as sure as possible of what youre feeling. PTSD and Emotional Awareness If youre like many people with PTSD, you may often feel intense and uncomfortable emotions that are hard to identify and seem out of control and unpredictable.  Not knowing for sure what emotions youre feeling makes it harder to control them. Thats why its important to learn ways to increase your emotional awareness. You can start by learning to identify where you and others are on the emotional awareness ladder or spectrum. Levels of Emotional Awareness Your awareness of any given emotion is said to fall on a spectrum ranging from no awareness to complete awareness.  Drs. Lane and Schwartz theorized that this  spectrum  falls into six separate levels of increasing emotional awareness, including: No emotional awareness:  You have no idea what youre feeling or that an emotion is even present. For example, you may say, I feel like a loser. However, this is an evaluation or judgment, not an emotional state.Awareness of bodily sensations: You have some awareness of feelings, but they may only be bodily sensations, such as increased heart rate or muscle tension.Awareness of behaviors:  You may only be aware of how you would like to act as a result of feeling an emotion. For example, you may say, I think I feel like leaving this situation as fast as possible, likely signaling fear or anxiety, or I feel as though I could yell at him, signaling anger.Awareness that an emotional state is present:  Youre aware that an emotion is present; however, you may have a hard time figuring out exactly what emotion it is. For instance, you may have enough awareness to know that you feel bad or overwhelmed, but nothing more specific than that. This is sometimes termed an undifferentiated emotional state.Differentiated emotional awareness:  We are now getting to the top levels of emotional awareness. At this level, youre aware of specific emotions that are present. Youre able to identify the emotion youre feeling, such as sadness, anger, fear, anxiety, happiness, joy, or excitement, at any given point in time.Blended emotional awareness:  This is the top level of emotional awareness. Youre aware of a number of emotions that are present at the same time, including emotions that may seem in opposition to one another, such as sadness and happiness. For example, a mother seeing her child go off to school for the first time may be very happy her child has reached this milestone but also sad to see her child growing up so fast. From this theory, the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS) was developed and is used extensively for evaluation and researching emotional awareness in and out of the clinic. The five levels of the LEAS are physical sensations, action tendencies, single emotions, blends of emotions, and blends of emotions. Monitor Your Emotions Once you feel as though you have a good understanding of the levels of emotions, get in the habit of monitoring your emotionsâ€"thinking about what youre feeling and taking time to identify it as you go through your day. As with any skill, increasing your emotional awareness may take time and hard work. However, even if you cant always identify everything youre feeling, you can use the information you have to try to figure it out. For example, if you know that your heart is racing, youre having thoughts that something bad might happen, and you know that anxiety or fear are common emotions that people have in those situations, you can be fairly sure youre feeling anxiety or fear. Once youve answered the question, What is emotional awareness? for yourself and get in the habit of monitoring your emotions, youll be well along in your efforts to move up the emotional awareness ladder. Keep in mind, too, that good emotional awareness can provide a solid foundation for learning other important ways to manage your PTSD.

The Factors Of Social Psychology - 1021 Words

This movie is chosen for a number of reasons. One because of it’s reputation at being the greatest of all time classics. Secondly, it shows examples of behavioral, physiological, and mental aspects of psychology that anyone can judge it and come to their own conclusion. It’s an awesome movie to find theories to analyze, not to mention having the greatest ongoing values along with the film. Most of the big theories that I will use deal with of social interaction, which involves with the factors of social psychology. Starting off I would like to point one of the characters from the movie. The character is by Keanu Reeves, who plays the role as Mr. Thomas Anderson, a computer programmer, but he’s also living a life as a computer hacker under the alias â€Å"Neo†. The social principle that applies to Neo’s character of being a very informational influence. To give a brief summary, Neo is â€Å"awoken† from a simulation of what life is, to the cruel reality which is the exact opposite of everything he’s known. Neo experiences all the characteristics of being in an unusual environment and culture, which include but not limited to denial, acceptance, etc. The reason why influences plays a part is because Neo is motivated by the belief that individuals who brought him to reality are correct. This is, what’s known as informational influence. There are ten different events.characters, and ideas in the movie that definitely point out to several theories of psychology. The first is anShow MoreRelatedWhat Does A Social Psychology Research Tell Us About Factors That Enhance Or Deter Attraction?788 Words   |  4 PagesResearch Topic What does recent social psychology research tell us about factors that enhance or deter attraction to others? Are people predictable on any of these contributing factors? 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Essay Parkinsons Disease - 3763 Words

Parkinsons Disease In 1817, James Parkinson published his famous treatise: An Essay on the Shaking Palsy, describing the symptoms which now collectively bear his name. Although many scientists before his time had described various aspects of motor dysfunction (ataxia, paralysis, tremor) Parkinson was the first to collect them into a common syndrome; one which he believed formed a distinctive condition. His sixty-six page essay contained five chapters describing symptoms, differential diagnoses, causality, possible treatments, and prospects for future study. What is most intriguing concerning Parkinson’s analysis (besides its consistent accuracy) is the fact that his clinical observations and inferences were made by watching the†¦show more content†¦These simple movements are referred to as akathesia and can occur during inactivity as well as with motion. Muscular rigidity, on the other hand, reveals an increase in tonicity of both flexors and extensors, especially in the distal limbs. R esistance to movement is seen to a point. However, if sufficient force is used, the muscles give and movement occurs briefly over a short distance. Rigidity is then re-initiated after the movement has stopped. This form of stepwise motions is referred to as cogwheel rigidity; its severity is variable depending on localization of the lesion, extent of neural damage, and progression of the disease over time. It is culminated by an increased slowness with difficulty beginning and continuing most every kind of movement. Negative symptoms are not indicative of abnormal movements or actions. Rather, they are classified as revealing an absence or inability to perform certain behaviors. Such disorders fall into particular categories based on the type of movement in which the patient is deficient. There are three such categories: disorders of posture, locomotion, and speech. Disorders of posture are divided into deficits of equilibrium and fixation. 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Created for Perfection but Destined to Fail Free Essays

Having a dying child changes a family’s life. A mother will do anything she possibly can to aid this child. Likewise, the rest of the family will have to commit in order for their sibling’s well being. We will write a custom essay sample on Created for Perfection but Destined to Fail or any similar topic only for you Order Now During and after a situation like this, life for the family will not be the same. In the movie, My Sister’s Keeper, directed by Nick Cassavetes, a happily married couple with two children live their life normally and joyfully until the day they learn that their two year old daughter, Kate, had leukemia and would not live past the age of five. In the movie Sofia Vassilieva plays the role of Kate, the dying girl, whose illness would not let her live past the five. Neither Kate’s parents or brother were a match with her and thus could not donate anything to aid her with her terminating disease. The parents decided to produce a one hundred percent in vitro child so he/she could give Kate what she needed: bone marrow, blood donations, and stem cells. Cameron Diaz, Sara Fitzgerald, the mother, together with Jason Patric, Brian Fitzgerald, the husband, agreed to have a baby â€Å"made in a dish to be spare parts for Kate.†(Breslin) And as soon as their baby was born, they would summit her into numerous surgeries so she could donate what ever Kate needed to live. To me this was a great attention grabber for the movie because it gave the plot originality. The in vitro child, Abigail Breslin, Anna Fitzgerald, was twelve and she introduced the movie speaking of how she was only made to aid her dying sister. She was the â€Å"perfect in vitro child who would be Kate’s genetic savior. †(Breslin) Ever since she was a newborn she was summited to numerous operations because of the different needs Kate had. Now that she is twelve, Anna files a lawsuit against her parents wanting to be medically emancipated, to have the rights to her own body. She claims she wants to live her life as a regular twelve year old girl without having restrictions in her daily activities. Later in the movie however, the audience comes to find that Kate had actually pleaded Anna into filing the lawsuit. Kate does this because she had no desire of living anymore, she wants the suffering to end, and the fighting in her family to end. Kate wanted Anna to be free from the surgeries, she wanted to be at peace and she wanted to free her family from further suffering. Cassavetes directed and created an excellent â€Å"tear breaking† movie yet he failed to properly construct and revise Sara Fitzgerald’s role. Sara was portrayed as a loving mother, but to a point, her character was a selfish. Her main concern since the movie began was her daughter Kate’s well being and was â€Å"not going to let her die. † (Diaz) Sara became a mother primarily interested in making Kate live and thereby forgot her role as a mother not only to Kate but to Anna and her oldest son Jesse. Sara had the entire family dedicated to watching over Kate and her needs. This made Jesse feel ignored and would constantly flee home and Anna grew feeling unloved. When Sara received the papers of the lawsuit, she became infuriated and slapped Anna across the face. This action of hitting her child demonstrated how Sara simply disregards Anna’s opinion because listening to Anna’s desires meant letting Kate die and she was not going to allow that. Sara would rather have Anna feeling miserable with her life than to watch Kate die. She  gave up her entire life to watch over Kate’s health and she was not going to let anyone or anything ruin her twelve year battle. On the other hand, Brian’s role in the movie served mainly to defend his children. Although he struggled the same battle of keeping Kate alive with Sara, his character understood and stood beside what his children needed. He let Sara take over for twelve years but when the lawsuit came he understood Anna’s point and stood beside her. Personally I loved when he took Kate to the beach because she wanted to see it before dying. He took her even if it meant having an argument with his wife which could lead to getting a divorce. Brian wanted to make sure that his daughter had what she wanted in her last few moments of life. Looking at Roger Ebert’s professional movie criticism and review of the movie My Sister’s Keeper, he stated that the movie is â€Å"an immediate audience-grabber. † He says that the movie is good because of the plot itself. A girl who is twelve was made so she could be spare parts for her dying sister. However, he does mention that the movie is subject to different interpretations to the viewers because some may agree on the lawsuit Anna placed on her parents and others may disagree. The audience’s opinion is controversial depending on their standing point. If a person favors life then he or she would disagree with Anna’s point because if she medically emancipates and decides not to continue to donate to her sister, Kate would die. Others who favor choice, agree with the lawsuit because Anna has a life of her own and she must pursue and live it. Ebert feels Anna is right to have gone to the lawyer, Alec Baldwin, who proves 90% accuracy on his trials because she is being independent and an achiever of what she believes is correct. He also feels that Anna has been through enough ever since she was born. She has donated her sister blood, bone marrow, and stem cells and has had to undergo several surgeries and stays at the hospital because of these operations. Ebert discusses the issue that Anna should not give away her kidney to her sister because this would limit her physical activities. She will not be able to enjoy her childhood, her teenage years and many other activities she should be experiencing as a teen and even as she grows older. Ebert also discusses how Taylor, Kate’s dying boyfriend, gives My Sister’s Keeper its best element because he makes the movie â€Å"tender, tactful and very touching. †(Ebert) His opinion about the appearance of this boy in the movie was to distract the audience from the entire discussion and constant fighting of the Fitzgerald family over the lawsuit. Taylor allows the audience to see that Kate in spite of her terminating disease was able to live a life like any other teenager. With this romance, Cassavetes diverted the movie aside from the tragic family disputes and turned it into a romantic love story between Kate and Taylor, and what they got to live for a while. This romance gave the movie more realism, Ebert stated. Regarding Diaz’s role as the mother, Ebert believed that her character demonstrated her fierceness in wanting to solve and win a case in her private life. Since she was a successful lawyer and won most of her cases while in practice, she now sees Kate’s disease as a case she must win as well. Since Sara won cases most of the time, she now feels she must fight to keep Kate alive. This is her most intense case and she has won it for twelve years by having kept Kate alive past her expected death at five. Ebert agrees with the role of Sara Fitzgerald. Both my opinion and Ebert’s agree on many factors of the movie My Sister’s Keeper yet we disagree on one point. We both think that it was a great movie with an excellent plot and attention hook. The idea of having parents â€Å"make and create† a perfect match for their dying daughter was definitely a grabber. We believe that Anna has suffered her entire life and she now has the right to live her own life and enjoy being a kid. We feel she should not be worried of limiting her activities for the sake of helping her dying sister. For these reasons Ebert and I agree on the fact that Anna has the right to her â€Å"medical emancipation†, so she could have the right to her own body. Ebert and I also concord when we say that Anna’s family is near perfect and that the only disfunction in it is Kate’s disease. The disease was not only killing her, but it was killing her family as well. â€Å"Beneath the exterior there were cracks and resentments† (Patric) that threatened the well being of the Fitzgerald family. The constant fighting between Brian and Sara, Jesse feeling ignored, and most importantly Anna having gone to a lawyer and having sued her parents portrays the family disfunction. The fact the Sara disregarded everyone’s opinion and did what she thought was correct without anyone else’s opinion, led the family to slowly break. We think that Brian’s role as the father, served mainly as a mediator. He was in the middle of every battle at home and he was constantly overruled by his wife. He had no voice in the movie until the end when he confronted Sara and took Kate to the beach with or without Sara’s approval. All through the movie Brian was more of a secondary character yet he proved himself after the scene of the beach. Brian defended what he thought was correct and stood by Anna’s side when she filed the lawsuit, he understood her point and could not believe he had let his daughter suffer so much for the past twelve years. Overall Ebert and I believe he had a fairly good role but his character stood out towards the end of the movie. In the role of Sara, Ebert and I disagree as to what we think Cassavetes wanted her to represent. To me Sara’s role and character in the movie, made her be disliked by the audience. She was set as a person who did not care about her husband, as a person who did not notice her son, and in a way she despised Anna for wanting to have the right to her body and stop being Kate’s savior. I felt she was a selfish mother who only cared about Kate’s life and no one else’s. Ebert believed that Diaz’s role was her merely wanting to save her daughter Kate at all possible cost. He felt Sara viewed this battle as another win in her life, but this win was not in her professional life but in her private one. He thinks that this was a good touch in the movie to have portrayed the mother so involved and dedicated into saving her daughter’s life because it gave the movie a sense of reality and portraying how women would actually act in this situation. The movie My Sister’s Keeper, reflects the life of a model family and how a death sentence slowly split the family members apart. Roger Ebert in his critique for this movie highlighted major aspects which I myself thought of when watching the movie. The idea of having an in vitro child be subject to various operations to aid her dying sister, made the movie so intriguing and different from many others. The plot of this movie was unexpected and completely unpredictable. Overall the movie was great because it excelled in every aspect and most certainly because it was emotionally appealing to its viewers. I give the movie My Sister’s Keeper directed by Nick Cassavetes, thumbs up. How to cite Created for Perfection but Destined to Fail, Papers

Motivations of Racial Gerrymandering free essay sample

A discussion the racial gerrymandering problem in the U.S. and the Voting Rights Act amended as a result. This paper examines the issue of racial gerrymandering in the U.S. The author provides examples of cases in which Democrats lost seats because of racial gerrymandering. Then, the author discusses the Voting Rights Act as amended by the Supreme Court. From the paper: The Voting Rights Act allowed the U.S. attorney general (who was Nicholas Katzenbach at the time) to review voting practices and determine which states, counties, and political subdivisions were discriminating against nonwhite voters. Using rules set out in the act, the attorney general could identify those places that had a test or device (McWhirter, 1994) that limited voter registration as well as those places in which less than 50 percent of the voting-age residents were registered to vote in the 1964 presidential election. The act also allowed the attorney general to appoint voting examiners to go into these states, counties, or political subdivisions (which were mainly in the South) and register voters who met all requirements for registration other than the illegal test. We will write a custom essay sample on Motivations of Racial Gerrymandering or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The act also required that any changes in voting requirements in the areas that were affected by the act had to be approved by the attorney general. Chief Justice Warren found this to be within the power of Congress as well. In 1970 the Voting Rights Act was amended. The Supreme Court reviewed the constitutionality of the act in the 1970 decision of Oregon v. Mitchell. As different sections of the act were being considered, the Court divided into different voting blocks. A unanimous Court ruled that Congress had the power to end literacy tests across the country. With a vote of eight to one, the Court accepted the idea that Congress could establish uniform standards for voter registration and absentee balloting. By a vote of five to four, the Court upheld the power of Congress to lower the voting age to 18 in all federal elections. By a vote of five to four, however, the Court ruled that Congress did not have the power under the Fifteenth Amendment to lower the voting age to 18 for state and local elections.

Health and illness in later life, inequalities †gender, ethnicity and end of life The WritePass Journal

Health and illness in later life, inequalities – gender, ethnicity and end of life Introduction Health and illness in later life, inequalities – gender, ethnicity and end of life ; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2007 ; Van Doorslaer et al., 2003).   These groups defining characteristics in include, ethnic, gender, age as well as economic status. Nonetheless, with all this definition of affected constituents by health inequality, the out come is a country where disadvantaged perish at the expense of the advantaged. This report takes a closer look at the intricacies involved with such classifications and the core issues leading to the rise in such deplorable conditions. It is in the light of these occurrences that this report aims at investigating health inequalities and health promotion taking into account gender, ethnicity and socio-economic as well as ageism and racism factors.   Methodology The information collected for this study was from two interviews. The first one was with Ms B is a 69 year old woman.   The interview took place in the front room of her home. The second interview was with Ms A is a 64 years old Black African woman; the Interview took place in her home. The subjects were referred to as Ms A and B for confidential purposes; their real names were not used, but every other detail is as was during the interview. Prior to the interviews, the interviewees had to sign consent forms issued by the institution the interviewer is affiliated. The consent form is made available by the faculty under which the interviewer belongs and is mainly a legally binding document to ensure confidentiality of the contents of the interview. The two first interviews were with elderly women and because of the generational gap; they were both handled with the utmost respect. However, there are instances that Ms A was referred to as ma’am because of her cultural background as a show of humility and respect. Results/findings A close examination of Ms A and Ms B interview reveal information relevant to the aims and objectives of this study. First, Ms B has a GP, who is 8 minutes walk from her residence and has been useful for medical issues such as surgery and other medical advice (12) while Ms A claims she does not need a GP. Ms A believes that her spirituality is an alternative to the help she can get from a GP (8) and does not even remember the last time she visited a GP(9). Ms B has a male Doctor (66) and has been with him for a long time. She claims that he is elder-ish and avoids women issue by referring to her to other female consultants (69). Despite having received several invitations, Ms A has never consulted a GP and claims she is fine (12). She does not remember the last time she visited a GP for any medical issue or advice (15). On the other hand, Ms B claims she has received much information from her local GP; there was a time she had trouble emptying her bowel freely (20) and she sort for a dvice from her GP, who asked her to take plenty of fruits and vegetables (21). She gets helpful information on other medical conditions freely such as Flu and Diabetes from pamphlets (24) as well as the nurse (25). Ms B receives helpful information from her doctor, such as, where to purchase blood pressure kits and how best to use it(27). Both Ms A and B are very active and have plenty of activities to do around their houses. Ms B spends much of her time around the house re-arranging her kitchen cupboard (32). She cooks (39), prepares her skirting board and also spends time relaxing, watching TV while eating her lamb chops (40). Ms A also finds time to arrange her things though she does not seem to devote most of her time in household work as compared to her ministry, she is still yet to arrange the things that she move in with since she was re-housed in October(19). Ms A is very busy with ministry work and does not sit to rest (26). Ms B gets good nutritional advice from her GP and eats right, Weetabix and dry raisins for breakfast (47) and a cup of tea and crackers for lunch with 2 fruits (48). For dinner, she prefers lamb chops, broad beans and carrots (50). Ms B, on the other hand, claims she is a light eater with her diet consisting of predominantly fruits (30). She also goes sometimes without food during her fas ting periods (31). Ms B enjoys quality time with her children and grand children often (52); she also picks up her granddaughter from school (53). Ms A finds pleasure in God, her family both biological and spiritual (33). She is a spiritual person and delights in serving and worshiping all the time (36).   Ms B finds time in her schedule to go shopping (56) when it’s quiet (57) and avoids shopping on Saturdays (58). In addition, she still drives, but does not do long distance (60), she only drives to the supermarket, and when there is no traffic (62), she avoids using the road because it is tiring and keeps her away from reckless drivers (63). Compared to Ms A, Ms B enjoys meeting people as part of her ministry than shopping (39) and uses public transportation, as opposed to private means (42). She enjoys bus rides regardless of whether it is school rush hour or not (45). Ms B has friends she spends time with from time to time, they go shopping have snacks together (72). She also has a good neighbour at the end of the street that she spends time with visiting a local Nursing home (74). Ms B’s friends are good companions (80) they talk about family and engage in other activities such as making tea (82). She does not engage in community activities (85) as she used to in 2008(86). Ms A, on the other hand, socializes with everyone she meets in the course of her ministry (51); however she claims that her social life is in the church where she does volunteer work (52). She gets spiritual support from her ministry (55) and many refer to her as mummy (56). Unlike Ms A, she engages in community activities such as the Easter love fest (59) where she brings drinks and snacks and distributes leaflets to neighbours (60). Discussion Woodwarda and Kawachib (2000), reiterate a well known fact that health inequalities are socially, culturally and economically instigated. This paper aims at exposing evidence in health inequalities and the need for health promotion, as well as highlight gender,, ethnicity and socio-economic factors, Ageism and racism in the healthcare sector. Adequate access to healthcare has been cited as a key factor determining a country’s commitment to reducing health inequalities and promotion. Devaux and de Looper (2012), explain that the need for General Practitioners can be analysed using variables such as age, gender and health status.   In the current study, Ms B has a General Practitioner, who is 8 minutes walk from her residence, while, on the other hand Ms, A sees no need for one. Devaux and de Looper (2012) reveal in their study that people who are financially stable are more likely to visit a GP than those in the lower income level. Ms B in the interview is presented as more stable than Ms A financially. Ms B has time for shopping, cafes with friends, and she can also afford a healthy meal at the end of the day. She even has access to private transportation. Compared to Ms A, who is housed by the council (Shelter, 2013). Van Doorslaer et al. (2003) assert that income related health inequalities are persistent in Eu rope regardless of the fact that many countries have established easy access to physician services. They further posit that there is unequal opportunity in accessing health services across income groups. Ms A seems to be in the lower income category and much marginalized in regard to access to health services. This is a common trend in most developed economies especially in North America and Europe. In an examination of such inequalities, in self reported health and their impact on individual risk factors in the United States and Canada, McGrail et al.(2009), found that income distribution was responsible for more than 50 percent of income-related health inequalities.   The same can be said of the United Kingdom where life expectancy is as high as in both the USA and Canada as a result of great preventive measures against killer diseases, yet the ubiquity of health inequality is constant (Graham Kelly, 2004).   They reveal that while the health of the general population seems t o improve, those in the lower income bracket are far from this reality, and this has been a point of challenge to policy makers. In addition, gender is one of the key causes of health inequalities.Ostrowska (2012), explains that notable differences between male and female health status is a common topic and has become a subject of increasing interest of researchers. According to them, researchers have recorded these differences in a bid to understand them within a bio-medical framework. Health inequalities in regard to gender divergence are indicative of the differences in social roles and status engraved in culturally created perception of femininity and masculinity. It is most likely that Ms A has continually ignored invitations to GP because of cost. It is most likely possible that she could be fine now, but the future is uncertain and more so in regard to her age. Health insurance coverage has become one of the key issues as far as women access to healthcare is concern.   According to Kaiser Family Foundation (2013), health insurance coverage is a motivational factor for women and is effective in improvi ng their health status by enabling access to preventive, primary, as well as, speciality healthcare. This could represent the case with Ms A, with medical cover; she would most likely at least visit her GP for a check up. Racism has been one of the key issues associated with health inequality. Generally, it is said that Native and African American, as well as Pacific Islanders, have a shorter lifespan and dismal health outcomes including high infant mortality rates, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, stroke, deteriorating life expectancy compared to their white and Asian American counterparts (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2007). The United Kingdom is also faced with this challenge as explains Nazroo (2003 ), who posit that there is high health inequality across ethnic groups in the US and UK, and this has been documented. Woolf et al.(2004), in reference to a study by Dr. David Satcher and Dr. Adelwale Troutman, close to 900, 000 of the deaths of African Americans would have been prevented if their health matched that of their white counterparts. Racial identity is not pathogenic, but is a social issue in many countries that are the basis of profiling. While it is true that not all people from these minority groups both in the US and UK are poor, most of them are and according to Smedley et al. (2003), health follows a pattern that the more the wealth, the better the health. Most of them work in jobs that are in the   lower status and are also less educated than their   white counterparts. This is a key reason why this population   is persistent in the lower socio-economic strata compared to the other ethnic groups. Ms A is a black woman who is more concern with her spiritual condition than her health condition. She seems not to take cognizance of the fact that one she might need medical attention given her age, â€Å"health by choice.† Nonetheless, this could be none of her fault, as an African American, she is disadvantaged, she might not be able to afford the cost or even fail to take on appropriate medical cover (Nazroo, 2003 ). It has been noted in Britain that immediate action is needed to reform the pension plans to match in regard to the disparity between the rich and the poor, a state that could lead to thousands of poor people dying before they reach retirement (Copper, 2013). Just as the ethnic minorities in the developed countries, the older generation is currently one of the constituencies with rising health challenges. It is a population that is experiencing health inequalities (Grundy Sloggett, 2003 ). In England alone, there are 10 million people aged 65 and over (Thorpe, 2011). In this population, most of the are either sick or with some disability, thy account for 60 percent of hospital admissions (Thorpe, 2011). Grundy and Sloggett (2003 ), in their research used information from three rounds of the English Health Survey to understand the variations in wellbeing of those aged between 65-84 years. In their study, they used indicators based on self reports and data collected by a medical practitioner. The study revealed that socio-economic indicator and most prominent, income, was related to the increasing odds of diminishing health outcomes (Grundy Sloggett, 2003 ). Ms B in the current study has already started experiencing the effects of aging a nd conscious of what is expected of her. She is 69 years and seeks regular medical advice from her GP and takes every precaution in order to live a healthy and rewarding life. Ms A, on the other hand, is 5 years younger than Ms B, she might not feel the impact of age on her, but as seen in the above paragraphs, she is bound to feel some of these effects, it is just a matter of time (Grundy Sloggett, 2003 ). The examination of   gender, ethnicity, socio-economic, as well as ageism and racism variables as factors associated with health inequalities,, it is important also to consider the promotional aspect. Health promotion empowers people to consider and sustain healthy lifestyles thereby becoming better health managers (Family Health Teams, 2006). There needs to be promotion strategies that when implemented uses structural solutions that support change in behaviour.   One of the areas needing work is for governments to focus on closing narrowing of the gap between the rich and the poor. However, it is not just the closing of the gap, but making available services that would positively impact the poor. Such remedies include; empowering and mobilizing the people to resort to healthier choices, such as making available healthy food for the masses (Shircore, 2009).   In addition, the vulnerable populations need to be supported to change their behaviour, Shircore (2009), explain an impo rtant point that both physical and mental health are integral parts of quality of life and that evidence is clear that a healthy diets are beneficial to the both. On the other hand, poor housing coupled with poor income adversely affect physical and mental health. In this regard, the need for effective social marketing is imperative in achieving the desired change with both the public and with decision-makers. To achieve this, one of the most effective ways as seen in the current study is to involve the GP in health promotion strategies (Family Health Teams, 2006).   Ms B compared to Ms A had been receiving critically needed useful medical procedures because of her awareness of her health status. While Ms A, claimed, she did not need a GP and did not even remember the last time she visited a GP (9). Ms B had a Doctor (66) and had been with him for a long time. On the other hand, Ms B claims she has received much information from her local GP; there was a time she had trouble emptying her bowel freely (20) and she sort for advice from her GP, who asked her to take plenty of fruits and vegetables (21). She gets helpful information on other med ical conditions freely such as Flu and Diabetes from pamphlets (24) as well as the nurse (25). Ms B receives helpful information from her doctor, such as where to purchase blood pressure kits and how to use of it in checking her blood pressure (27). The focus on patient education, counselling and support is an important health promotion strategy and should be given to every vulnerable person in the categories examined in this study. Conclusion and recommendation As explained by Ms A and Ms B’s economic and health conditions, there are wide disparities between minority groups and dominant populations, more so in developed countries. As an African woman, Ms A was oblivious to the fact that she would need medical at one point in life; such is the attitude that some people in minority groups face life. Nonetheless, there are others who regardless of what they know, are restricted by their economic state. As a matter of fact the common denominator across all this classification whether ethnic, gender, age, is economic stability or sustainability. It is the responsibility of the government and the entire stakeholder to ensure that necessary steps are taken to provide for the needs of these vulnerable groups so as to reduce the effects of such health inequalities. As seen above, certain subsidies can be given to the vulnerable groups to mitigate the effects of health inequalities as discussed. The current study used two case studies to explain several variables. Further research is needed to zero in on specific details as it fails to do justice to all the variables presented, for depth and breadth of the issues investigated, the case studies fail to examine fully within the real-life context all the variables presented. On the gender issue, it would have been helpful if one of the interviewees was a male or in that case have more than two interviewees, the third of a different gender. Bibliography Copper, C., 2013. Britains poor will die before they retire if pension reforms arent matched by health improvements. The Independent , 06 December. Devaux, M. de Looper, M., 2012. Income-Related Inequalities in Health Service Utilisation in 19 OECD Countries, 2008-2009†. OECD Health Working Papers. Family Health Teams, 2006. Guide to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. [Online] Ministry of Health Available at:   HYPERLINK health.gov.on.ca/en/pro/programs/fht/docs/fht_health_promotion2.pdf health.gov.on.ca/en/pro/programs/fht/docs/fht_health_promotion2.pdf   [Accessed 10 December 2013]. Graham, H. Kelly, M.P., 2004. Health inequalities: concepts,frameworks and policy. [Online] Health Development Agency Available at:   HYPERLINK nice.org.uk/niceMedia/documents/health_inequalities_concepts.pdf nice.org.uk/niceMedia/documents/health_inequalities_concepts.pdf   [Accessed 10 December 2013]. Grundy, E. Sloggett, A., 2003. Health inequalities in the older population: the role of personal capital, social resources and socio-economic. Social Science Med, 56(5), pp.935-47. Kaiser Family Foundation, 2013. Women’s Health Insurance Coverage. [Online] Kaiser Family Foundation Available at:   HYPERLINK http://kff.org/womens-health-policy/fact-sheet/womens-health-insurance-coverage-fact-sheet/ \l footnote-89006-14 http://kff.org/womens-health-policy/fact-sheet/womens-health-insurance-coverage-fact-sheet/#footnote-89006-14   [Accessed 10 December 2013]. McGrail, K.M., Van Doorslaer, E., Ross, N.A. Sanmartin, C., 2009. Income-Related Health Inequalities in Canada and the United States: A Decomposition Analysis. American Journal of Public Health, 99(10), pp.1856–63. Nazroo, J.Y., 2003. The Structuring of Ethnic Inequalities in Health: Economic Position, Racial Discrimination, and Racism. American Journal of Public Health, 93(2), pp.277–84. Ostrowska, A., 2012. Health inequalitiesgender perspective. Przegl Lek., 69(2), pp.61-6. Shelter, 2013. Who gets priority for council housing. [Online] Available at:   HYPERLINK http://england.shelter.org.uk/get_advice/finding_a_place_to_live/council_housing/who_gets_priority http://england.shelter.org.uk/get_advice/finding_a_place_to_live/council_housing/who_gets_priority   [Accessed 10 December 2013]. Shircore, R., 2009. Guide for World Class Commissioners Promoting Health and Well-Being: Reducing Inequalities. London: RSPH RSPH. Smedley, B., Jeffries, M., Adelman, L. Cheng, J., 2003. Race, Racial Inequality and Health Inequities: Separating Myth from Fact. [Online] Available at:   HYPERLINK unnaturalcauses.org/assets/uploads/file/Race_Racial_Inequality_Health.pdf unnaturalcauses.org/assets/uploads/file/Race_Racial_Inequality_Health.pdf   [Accessed 10 December 2013]. Thorpe, T., 2011. Healthy Lives, Healthy People: Our strategy for public health in England. [Online] Available at:   HYPERLINK bgs.org.uk/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=1443:healthylivesstrategycatid=14:consultationsItemid=110 bgs.org.uk/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=1443:healthylivesstrategycatid=14:consultationsItemid=110   [Accessed 10 December 2013]. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2007. Health Inequalities. [Online] Available at:   HYPERLINK http://search.hhs.gov/search?q=African+Americans%2C+Native+Americans+and+Pacific++Islanders+live+shorter+lives+and+have+poorer+health+outcomesbtnG=Searchentqr=3ud=1sort=date%3AD%3AL%3Ad1output=xml_no_dtdoe=UTF-8ie=UTF-8lr=lang_enclient=HHSproxys http://search.hhs.gov/search?q=African+Americans%2C+Native+Americans+and+Pacific++Islanders+live+shorter+lives+and+have+poorer+health+outcomesbtnG=Searchentqr=3ud=1sort=date%3AD%3AL%3Ad1output=xml_no_dtdoe=UTF-8ie=UTF-8lr=lang_enclient=HHSproxys   [Accessed 10 December 2013]. Va Doorslaer, E., Koolman, X. Jones, A.M., 2003. Explaining income-related inequalities in doctor utilisation in Europe:a decomposition approach. [Online] Available at:   HYPERLINK http://www2.eur.nl/ecuity/public_papers/WP5v4.pdf http://www2.eur.nl/ecuity/public_papers/WP5v4.pdf   [Accessed 10 December 2013]. Woodwarda, A. Kawachib, I., 2000. Why reduce health inequalities? Journal of Epidemiol Community Health, 54, pp.923-929. Woolf, S.H. et al., 2004. The health impact of resolving racial disparities: An analysis of US mortality data. American Journal of Public Health, 94(12), pp.2078-81.

Chemistry Abbreviations Starting with the Letter C

Chemistry Abbreviations Starting with the Letter C Chemistry abbreviations and acronyms are common in all fields of science. This collection offers common abbreviations and acronyms beginning with the letter C used in chemistry and chemical engineering. C - CarbonC - CelsiusC - Coulomb C - CytosineCa - CalciumCA - Cytric AcidCAB - Cation-Anion BalanceCADS - Chemical Agent Detection SystemCAR - Commercial And ResidentialCAS - Chemical Abstracts ServiceCAW - Catalyst Altered WaterCB - Conduction BandCBA - Cytometric Bead ArrayCBR - Chemical, Biological, RadiologicalCBRE - Chemical, Biological, Radiological ElementCBRN - Chemical, Biological, Radiological, or NuclearCC - Cubic CentimeterCCBA - Chemical Coordinate Bonding and AdsorptionCCL - Contaminant Candidate ListCCS - Carbon Capture StorageCd - CadmiumCDA - Clean Dry AirCDR - Chemical Distribution RoomCDSL - Chemical Data Summary ListCDU - Chemical Dispensing UnitCe - CeriumCE - Chemical EngineeringCEP - Chemical Engineering ProcessCf - CaliforniumCF - Carbon FiberCF - Ceramic FiberCFA - Cetylated Fatty AcidCFC - ChlorofluorocarbonCFRP - Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plasticcg - CentigramCGS - Centimeter, Gram, SecondCHC - Chlorinated HydroCarbonChem - ChemistryCHM - ChemistryCHO - Carbo hydrateCi - CurieCLC - Cross Linked CelluloseCm - Curiumcm - centimeterCML - Chemical Markup LanguageCN - Coordination NumberCN - CyanideCNO - Carbon Nitrogen OxygenCNP - Cyclic Nucleotide PhosphodiesteraseCNT - Carbon NanoTubeCo - CobaltCO - Carbon monoxideCP - Chemically PureCP - Cratine PhosphateCPA - CoPolymer AlloyCPE - Chemical Potential EnergyCr - ChromiumCR - Corrosion ResistantCRAP - Crude Reagent And ProductsCRC - Chemical Rubber CompanyCRT - Cathode Ray TubeCs - CesiumCSAC - Chemical Safety Analysis and ControlCSAD - Cysteine Sulfinic Acid DecarboxylaseCSTR - Continuously Stirred Tank ReactorCu - CopperCVCS - Chemical Volume Control SystemCW - Chemical WarfareCWA - Chemical Warfare Agent

Immigration Reform Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Immigration Reform - Essay Example That is why the current government has come up with proposals to enhance legal migration along the borders. This paper outlines the issues regarding illegal migration across the border of US, alternative plans to account for the undocumented immigrants and proposals on the importance of immigrants. It also proposes the impact of legal migration to the economy of US and betterment of the future. Immigration reform in the US is a proposal that is aimed at increasing the number legal immigrations into the country. For example, the guest worker reform that was supported by President George Bush aimed at ensuring the number of guests who come to work in the US are registered in the country. However, the issue of illegal immigration is a controversial one since the government is unable to handle all the cases of illegal immigrations in the country. The people who support immigration reform stipulate that illegal immigrants into the country cost the US taxpayers approximately $338.3 billion. This issue has been associated with weaken law enforcement in the country thus putting safety of government officials and the citizens of the US in jeopardy. For instance, in 2001, President George W. Bush and the former president of Mexico Vicente Fox wanted to pass an immigration policy whose aim was to benefit the Mexican emigrants in the US (United States Congress b 32). The immigration r eform and Control Act of 1986 stipulates that it is illegal for employers to hire illegal immigrants in the country. However, there was a non-immigrant visa system which allowed the lesser-skilled employees to work in the US. However, since the year 2006 amnesty, the US was said to have approximately 12 million immigrants who were not documented. The number of undocumented immigrants was estimated to make up to 5 percent of the workforce in the US. Moreover, it was also revealed that about 70 percent of the undocumented immigrants had

Whistle blowing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Whistle blowing - Essay Example Internal whistle blowing is whereby a whistleblower communicates any form of misconduct to their supervisor, who then applies the established procedures in the organization to address the misconduct. External whistle blowing is whereby a whistleblower communicates any form of misconduct to external parties like the media or law enforcement agencies (Lewis, 45). A whistleblower can report misconducts, illegal actions, or neglect of duties at work, including; In most cases, an employee cannot suffer a dismissal because of whistle blowing, since this is would amount to an unfair dismissal. In other words, the law will protect them if there was a fulfillment of certain standards. These standards are known as the qualifying disclosures. Normally, the individuals protected include agency workers, employees, individuals who are training with an employer and have not yet gotten employment, and supervised self-employed workers. An employee is only entitled to protection if they sincerely feel that whatever they are reporting is factual and they feel they are informing the right person. In addition, the whistleblower must also believe that their exposure is in the interest of the public. Employees are, however not protected from dismissal when they break the law while reporting misconduct. For instance, when an employee had earlier on signed the Official Secrets Act, or when the misconduct became discoverable in an event whereby another person was seeking legal advice. Moreover, those workers who are not employed.

The Old Man And The Sea: The Old Man :: essays research papers

The Old Man and The Sea: The Old Man Authors use many tactics to reveal a character's personality. In the short story, A Clean, Well-Lighted Place, Hemingway exposes the attributes of his characters through narration and dialogue. The older waiter's characteristics are exhibited through the waiters' conversations and the observations the narrator makes. The author cleverly associates the older waiter with the old man. This connection gives the audience a clear understanding of the loneliness and old age the waiter faces. The older waiter in Hemingway's story identifies with the old man. This is evident through the statements he makes to the younger waiter. In the begining of the work the younger waiter is complaining about the old man staying at the cafe. The older waiter takes up for the old man by explaining that the old man, â€Å"stays up because he likes it† (Hemingway 160). This is the initial time that the older waiter indicates that he identifies with the old man's feelings. This identification becomes more apparent farther in the work. For instance, the older waiter categorizes himself as being one, â€Å"of those who likes to stay late at the cafe†(Hemingway 161). With this declaration, the older waiter places himself in the same group as the old man. Hemingway's comparison of the old man and the waiter becomes unmistakable through the words of the older waiter. Loneliness and old age are the common bonds that the older waiter shares with the old man. This is manifested through the dialogue between the two waiters. For example, when the younger waiter boasts about his youth and confidence, the older waiter jealously replies, â€Å"I have never had confidence and I am not young†(Hemingway 161). The older waiter goes on further to illustrate that all he has is work. The older waiter later displays his loneliness through his compassion for the old man and others like himself. For instance, when the younger waiter remarks that he wishes to go home for the night, the older waiter says, â€Å"I am reluctant to close up because there may be some one who needs the cafe† (Hemingway 161). Through the author's comparison of the old man and the older waiter, he reveals the waiter's loneliness and desire for youth. The narration communicates the personality of the older waiter. For example, the narrator depicts the old waiter as, â€Å"not dressed to go home† (Hemingway 161). The author is implying that the older waiter will be in search of a drinking area, much like the cafe, after the cafe closes. Similar to the old man, the older waiter does not want to go home. The Old Man And The Sea: The Old Man :: essays research papers The Old Man and The Sea: The Old Man Authors use many tactics to reveal a character's personality. In the short story, A Clean, Well-Lighted Place, Hemingway exposes the attributes of his characters through narration and dialogue. The older waiter's characteristics are exhibited through the waiters' conversations and the observations the narrator makes. The author cleverly associates the older waiter with the old man. This connection gives the audience a clear understanding of the loneliness and old age the waiter faces. The older waiter in Hemingway's story identifies with the old man. This is evident through the statements he makes to the younger waiter. In the begining of the work the younger waiter is complaining about the old man staying at the cafe. The older waiter takes up for the old man by explaining that the old man, â€Å"stays up because he likes it† (Hemingway 160). This is the initial time that the older waiter indicates that he identifies with the old man's feelings. This identification becomes more apparent farther in the work. For instance, the older waiter categorizes himself as being one, â€Å"of those who likes to stay late at the cafe†(Hemingway 161). With this declaration, the older waiter places himself in the same group as the old man. Hemingway's comparison of the old man and the waiter becomes unmistakable through the words of the older waiter. Loneliness and old age are the common bonds that the older waiter shares with the old man. This is manifested through the dialogue between the two waiters. For example, when the younger waiter boasts about his youth and confidence, the older waiter jealously replies, â€Å"I have never had confidence and I am not young†(Hemingway 161). The older waiter goes on further to illustrate that all he has is work. The older waiter later displays his loneliness through his compassion for the old man and others like himself. For instance, when the younger waiter remarks that he wishes to go home for the night, the older waiter says, â€Å"I am reluctant to close up because there may be some one who needs the cafe† (Hemingway 161). Through the author's comparison of the old man and the older waiter, he reveals the waiter's loneliness and desire for youth. The narration communicates the personality of the older waiter. For example, the narrator depicts the old waiter as, â€Å"not dressed to go home† (Hemingway 161). The author is implying that the older waiter will be in search of a drinking area, much like the cafe, after the cafe closes. Similar to the old man, the older waiter does not want to go home.

Group Dynamics Essay

What is â€Å"group dynamics†? Perhaps it will be most useful to start by looking at the derivation of the word â€Å"dynamics†. It comes from a Greek word meaning force. In careful usage the phrase, â€Å"group dynamics† refers to the forces operating in groups. The investigation of group dynamics, then, consists of a study of these forces: what gives rise to them, what conditions modify them, what consequences they have, etc. The practical application of group dynamics (or the technology of group dynamics) consists of the utilization of knowledge about these forces for the achievement of some purpose. In keeping with this definition, is not particularly novel, nor is it the exclusive property of any person or institution. It goes back at least to the outstanding work of men like Simmel, Freud, and Cooley. Although interest in groups has a long and respectable history, the past fifteen years have witnessed a new flowering of activity in this field. Today, research centers in several countries are carrying out substantial programmes of research designed to reveal the nature of groups and of their functioning. The phrase â€Å"group dynamics† had come into common usage during this time and intense efforts have been devoted to the development of the field, both as a branch of social science and as a form of social technology. In this development the name of Kurt Lewin had been outstanding. As a consequence of his work in the field of individual psychology and from his analysis of the nature of pressing problems of the contemporary world, Lewin became convinced of society’s urgent need for a scientific approach to the understanding of the dynamics of groups. In 1945 he established the Research Center for Group Dynamics to meet this need. Since that date the Centre has been devoting its efforts to improving our scientific understanding of groups through laboratory experimentation, field studies, and the use of techniques of action research. It has also attempted in various ways to help get the findings of social science more widely used by social management. Much of what I have to say in this paper is drawn from the experiences of this Center in its brief existence of a little more than five years. We hear all around us today the assertion that the problems of the twentieth century are problems of human relations. The survival of civilization, it is said, will depend upon man’s ability to create social interventions capable of harnessing, for society’s constructive use, the vast physical energies now at man’s disposal. Or, to put the matter more simply, we must learn how to change the way in which people behave toward one another. In broad outline, the specifications for a good society are clear, but a serious technical problem remains: How can we change people so that they neither restrict the freedom nor limit the potentialities for growth of others; so that they accept and respect people of different religion, nationality, colour, or political opinion; so that nations can exist in a world without war, and s that the fruits of our technological advances can bring economic well-being and freedom from disease to all people of the world? Although few people would disagree with these objectives when stated abstractly, when we become more specific, differences of opinion quickly arise. These questions permit no ready answers. How is change to be produced? Who is to do it? Who is to be changed? Before we consider in detail these questions of social technology, let us clear away some semantic obstacles. The word â€Å"change† produces emotional reactions. It is not a neutral word. To many people it is threatening. It conjures up visions of a revolutionary, a dissatisfied idealist, a trouble-maker, a malcontent. Nicer words referring to the process of changing people are education, training, orientation, guidance, indoctrination, therapy. We are more ready to have others â€Å"educate† us than have them â€Å"change† us. We, ourselves feel less guilty in â€Å"training† others than in â€Å"changing† them. Why this emotional response? What makes the two kinds of words have such different meanings? I believe that a large part of the difference lies in the fact that the safer words (like education and therapy) carry implicit assurance that the only changes produced will be good ones, acceptable within a currently held value system. The cold, unmodified word â€Å"change†, on the contrary, promises no respect for values; it might even tamper with values themselves. perhaps for this very reason it will foster straight thinking if we use the word â€Å"change† and thus force ourselves to struggle directly and self-consciously with the problems of value that are involved. Words like education, training, or therapy, by the very fact that they are not so disturbing, may close our eyes to the fact that they too inevitably involve values. How can we change people so that they neither restrict the freedom nor limit the potentialities for growth of others; so that they accept and respect people of different religion, nationality, colour, or political opinion; so that nations can exist in a world without war, and so that the fruits of our technological advances can bring economic wellbeing and freedom from disease to all people of the world? The proposal that social technology may be employed to solve the problems of society suggests that social science may be applied in ways not different from those used in the physical sciences. Does social science, in fact, have any practically useful knowledge which may be brought to bear significantly on society’s most urgent problems? What scientifically based principles are there for guiding programmes of social change: In this paper we shall restrict our considerations to certain parts of a relatively new branch of social science known as â€Å"group dynamics†. We shall examine some of the implications for social action which stem from research in this field of scientific investigation. Consider first some matters having to do with the mental health of an individual. We can all agree, I believe, that an important mark of a healthy personality is that the individual’s self-esteem has not been undermined. But on what does self-esteem depend? From research on this problem we have discovered that, among other things, repeated experiences of failure or traumatic failures on matters of central importance serve to undermine one’s self-esteem. We also know that whether a person experiences success or failure as a result of some undertaking depends upon the level of aspiration which he has set for himself. Now, if we try to discover how the level of aspiration gets set, we are immediately involved in the person’s relationships to groups. The groups to which he belongs set standards for his behaviour which he must accept if he is to remain in the group. If his capacities do not allow him to reach these standards, he experiences failure, he withdraws or is rejected by the group and his self-esteem suffers a shock. Consider a second example. A teacher finds that in her class she has a number of trouble-makers, full of aggression. She wants to know why these children are so aggressive and what can be done about it. A foreman in a factory has the same kind of problem with some of his workers. He wants the same kind of help. The solution most tempting to both the teacher and the foreman often is to transfer the worst trouble-makers to someone else, or if facilities are available, to refer them for counselling. But is the problem really of such a nature that it can be solved by removing the trouble-maker from the situation or by working on his individual motivations and emotional life? What leads does research give us? The evidence indicates, of course, that there are many causes of aggressiveness in people, but one aspect of the problem has become increasingly clear in recent years. If we observe carefully the amount of aggressive behaviour and the number of trouble-makers to be found in a large collection of groups, we find that these characteristics can vary tremendously from group to group even when the different groups are composed essentially of the same kinds of people. In the now classic experiments of Lewin, Lippitt and White (1939) on the effects of different styles of leadership, it was found that the same group of children displayed markedly different levels of aggressive behaviour when under different styles of leadership. Moreover, when individual children were transferred from one group to another, their levels of aggressiveness shifted to conform to the atmosphere of the new group. Efforts to account for one child’s aggressiveness under one style of leadership merely in terms of his personality traits could hardly succeed under these conditions. This is not to say that a person’s behaviour is entirely to be accounted for by the atmosphere and structure of the immediate group, but it is remarkable to what an extent a strong, cohesive group can control aspects of a member’s behaviour traditionally thought to be expressive of enduring personality traits. Recognition of this fact rephrases the problem of how to change such behaviour. It directs us to a study of the sources of the influence of the group on its members. Within very recent years some research data have been accumulating which may give us a clue to the solution of our problem. In one series of experiments directed by Lewin, it was found that a method of group decision, in which the group as a whole made a decision to have its members change their behaviour, was from two to ten times more effective in producing actual change as was a lecture presenting exhortation to change (Lewin, 1951). We have yet to learn precisely what produces these differences of effectiveness, but it is clear that by introducing group forces into the situation a whole new level of influence has been achieved. The experience has been essentially the same when people have attempted to increase the productivity of individuals in work settings. Traditional conceptions of how to increase the output of workers have stressed the individual: * Select the right man for the job * Simplify the job for him * Train him in the skills required * Motivate him by economic incentives * Make it clear to whom he reports * Keep the lines of authority and responsibility simple and straight. But even when all of these conditions are fully met we find that productivity is far below full potential. There is even good reason to conclude that this individualistic conception of the determinants of productivity actually fosters negative consequences. The individual, now isolated and subjected to the demands of the organization through the commands of his boss, finds that he must create with his fellow employees informal groups, not shown on any table of organization, in order to protect himself from arbitrary control of his life, from the boredom produced by the endless repetition of mechanically sanitary and routine operations, and from the impoverishment of his emotional and social life brought about by the frustration of his basic needs for social interaction, participation, and acceptance in a stable group. Recent experiments have demonstrated clearly that the productivity of work groups can be greatly increased by methods of work organization and supervision which give more responsibility to work groups, which allow for fuller participation in important decisions, and which make stable groups the firm basis for support of the individual’s social needs (Coch & French, 1948). It is points out future research will also demonstrate that people working under such conditions become more mature and creative individuals in their homes, in community life, and as citizens. A few years ago the Research Center for Group Dynamics undertook to shed light on this problem by investigating the operation of a workshop for training leaders in intercultural relations (Lippitt, 1949). In a project, directed by Lippitt, they set out to compare systemically the different effects of the workshop upon trainees who came as isolated individuals in contrast to those who came as teams. Six months after the workshop, however, those who had been trained as isolates were only slightly more active than before the workshop whereas those who had been members of strong training teams were now much more active. They do not have clear evidence on the point, but they are quite certain that the maintenance of heightened activity over a long period of time would also be much better for members of teams. For the isolates the effect of the workshop had the characteristic of a â€Å"shot in the arm† while for the team member it produced a more enduring change because the team provided continuous support and reinforcement for its members. What conclusions may we draw from these examples? What principles of achieving change in people can we see emerging? To begin with the most general position, we may state that the behaviour, attitudes, beliefs, and values of the individual are all firmly grounded in the groups to which he belongs. How aggressive or cooperative a person is, how much self-respect and self-confidence he has, how energetic and productive his work is, what he aspires to, what he believes to be true and good, whom he loves or hates, and what beliefs and prejudices he holds—all these characteristics are highly determined by the individual’s group memberships. In a real sense, they are properties of groups and of the relationships between people. Whether they change or resist change will, therefore, be greatly influenced by the nature of these groups. Attempts to change them must be concerned with the dynamics of groups. In examining more specifically how groups enter into the process of change, we find it useful to view groups in at least three different ways. In the first view, the group is seen as a source of influence over its members. Efforts to change behaviour can be supported or blocked by pressures on members stemming from the group. To make constructive use of these pressures the group must be used as a medium of change. In the second view, the group itself becomes the target of change. To change the behaviour of individuals it may be necessary to change the standards of the group, its style of leadership, its emotional atmosphere, or its stratification into cliques and hierarchies. Even though the goal may be to change the behaviour of individuals, the target of change becomes the group. In the third view, it is recognized that many changes of behaviour can be brought about only by the organization efforts of groups as agents of change. A committee to combat intolerance, a labour union, and employers association, a citizens group to increase the pay of teachers—any action group will be more or less effective depending upon the way it is organized, the satisfactions it provides to its members, the degree to which its goals are clear, and a host of other properties of the group.